人民政協制度彰顯獨特優勢
今(jin)(jin)年全國(guo)兩會，習近平總書(shu)記在(zai)看望參加政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)協(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)會議的(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)革科(ke)技界環境(jing)資源界委(wei)員時(shi)指(zhi)出：“今(jin)(jin)年是(shi)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)協(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)成立75周年。人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)協(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)要發(fa)揚優(you)良傳統，牢記政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)責任，加強(qiang)思(si)想政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)引領，加強(qiang)專(zhuan)門(men)協(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)商(shang)機(ji)構制(zhi)度(du)建設(she)，加強(qiang)自(zi)身建設(she)”。七十五載同(tong)心(xin)同(tong)行(xing)，新的(de)(de)征程(cheng)攜手奮進。人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)協(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)是(shi)中(zhong)國(guo)共產(chan)(chan)黨把馬克思(si)列寧主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)統一(yi)戰線理(li)論、政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)黨理(li)論、民(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)理(li)論同(tong)中(zhong)國(guo)實(shi)際相結合(he)的(de)(de)偉(wei)大成果，是(shi)中(zhong)國(guo)共產(chan)(chan)黨領導各(ge)民(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)黨派、無黨派人(ren)(ren)士、人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)團(tuan)體(ti)和各(ge)族(zu)各(ge)界人(ren)(ren)士在(zai)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)制(zhi)度(du)上進行(xing)的(de)(de)偉(wei)大創造(zao)。人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)協(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)制(zhi)度(du)具有多方面的(de)(de)獨特優(you)勢，是(shi)國(guo)家治(zhi)理(li)體(ti)系的(de)(de)重(zhong)要組成部分，生動展現(xian)著全過程(cheng)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)民(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)特點(dian)優(you)勢。新征程(cheng)上，要深入(ru)學(xue)習貫徹習近平總書(shu)記關于加強(qiang)和改(gai)進人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)協(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)工作的(de)(de)重(zhong)要思(si)想，準確把握人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)協(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)性質定位，充(chong)分發(fa)揮人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)協(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)作為專(zhuan)門(men)協(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)商(shang)機(ji)構作用，不斷豐富社會主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)協(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)商(shang)民(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)實(shi)踐，使人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)協(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)制(zhi)度(du)多方面的(de)(de)獨特優(you)勢得到進一(yi)步鞏固(gu)和彰顯(xian)。
實(shi)現廣泛(fan)真(zhen)實(shi)管(guan)用的(de)(de)(de)民(min)主。人(ren)民(min)政協(xie)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)堅(jian)持一(yi)(yi)切為了(le)人(ren)民(min)、一(yi)(yi)切依靠人(ren)民(min)，以(yi)健全的(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)程(cheng)序(xu)(xu)確保在中國(guo)共(gong)產黨領導下，參加(jia)人(ren)民(min)政協(xie)的(de)(de)(de)各(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)黨派團體、各(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)族(zu)各(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)界人(ren)士(shi)履行職能，圍繞改革發展穩(wen)定重大(da)(da)問題(ti)等，在決策之(zhi)前和(he)(he)決策實(shi)施之(zhi)中進行廣泛(fan)協(xie)商(shang)(shang)、平等協(xie)商(shang)(shang)、有序(xu)(xu)協(xie)商(shang)(shang)、真(zhen)誠協(xie)商(shang)(shang)，提出意(yi)(yi)見建議(yi)，通(tong)過制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)化(hua)(hua)、規范化(hua)(hua)、程(cheng)序(xu)(xu)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)民(min)主協(xie)商(shang)(shang)使(shi)經濟(ji)建設、政治建設、文化(hua)(hua)建設、社會建設、生(sheng)態文明建設各(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)方面都(dou)更好(hao)體現人(ren)民(min)意(yi)(yi)志、保障人(ren)民(min)權益、激發人(ren)民(min)創造活力。各(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)黨派團體、各(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)族(zu)各(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)界人(ren)士(shi)通(tong)過各(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)級(ji)政協(xie)組(zu)織(zhi)有效參與國(guo)家政治生(sheng)活和(he)(he)社會生(sheng)活的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)，推(tui)動不同思(si)想觀點(dian)充分(fen)表(biao)達和(he)(he)深入交流，并(bing)盡可能就共(gong)同性問題(ti)取得一(yi)(yi)致意(yi)(yi)見，充分(fen)體現了(le)中國(guo)社會主義(yi)民(min)主有事多商(shang)(shang)量、遇事多商(shang)(shang)量、做(zuo)事多商(shang)(shang)量的(de)(de)(de)特(te)點(dian)和(he)(he)優(you)勢，有助(zhu)于(yu)最(zui)廣泛(fan)地反映(ying)民(min)意(yi)(yi)，最(zui)充分(fen)地集(ji)思(si)廣益，最(zui)大(da)(da)限(xian)度(du)地凝聚共(gong)識，更好(hao)實(shi)現廣泛(fan)真(zhen)實(shi)管(guan)用的(de)(de)(de)民(min)主。
堅持(chi)一(yi)(yi)致(zhi)性(xing)和多樣性(xing)統(tong)一(yi)(yi)。人民(min)政(zheng)協(xie)制度(du)堅持(chi)大(da)(da)(da)團結(jie)大(da)(da)(da)聯合(he)，在(zai)熱愛中華(hua)人民(min)共(gong)(gong)(gong)和國(guo)、擁(yong)護(hu)中國(guo)共(gong)(gong)(gong)產黨的(de)(de)領(ling)導、擁(yong)護(hu)社(she)會主義事業、共(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)致(zhi)力于實現中華(hua)民(min)族(zu)偉大(da)(da)(da)復興(xing)中國(guo)夢的(de)(de)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)基礎上(shang)(shang)，進一(yi)(yi)步(bu)鞏(gong)固和發(fa)展最廣(guang)泛的(de)(de)愛國(guo)統(tong)一(yi)(yi)戰線，加(jia)強海內(nei)外中華(hua)兒女大(da)(da)(da)團結(jie)，調動一(yi)(yi)切積極因素，團結(jie)一(yi)(yi)切可能團結(jie)的(de)(de)人，找到最大(da)(da)(da)公約數，畫出最大(da)(da)(da)同(tong)(tong)心(xin)圓，具(ju)有(you)(you)鮮明的(de)(de)人才薈萃優勢(shi)、組織機構優勢(shi)、界別構成(cheng)優勢(shi)，具(ju)有(you)(you)組織上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)廣(guang)泛代表(biao)性(xing)和政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)巨大(da)(da)(da)包容(rong)性(xing)。人民(min)政(zheng)協(xie)制度(du)堅持(chi)在(zai)求(qiu)同(tong)(tong)存異、聚(ju)同(tong)(tong)化異中正(zheng)確處理一(yi)(yi)致(zhi)性(xing)和多樣性(xing)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)，既鞏(gong)固已(yi)有(you)(you)共(gong)(gong)(gong)識，又推動形成(cheng)新的(de)(de)共(gong)(gong)(gong)識，不斷鞏(gong)固共(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)思想政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)基礎；充(chong)分(fen)發(fa)揚民(min)主，尊(zun)重(zhong)包容(rong)差異，尊(zun)重(zhong)、維(wei)護(hu)、照(zhao)顧(gu)同(tong)(tong)盟者的(de)(de)利(li)益，幫(bang)助(zhu)黨外人士排憂解難(nan)，促(cu)進政(zheng)黨關(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)、民(min)族(zu)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)、宗教關(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)、階層關(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)、海內(nei)外同(tong)(tong)胞(bao)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)和諧(xie)，實現一(yi)(yi)致(zhi)性(xing)和多樣性(xing)統(tong)一(yi)(yi)，最大(da)(da)(da)限度(du)凝聚(ju)起共(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)奮斗(dou)的(de)(de)力量。
展現中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)深(shen)厚(hou)底(di)蘊(yun)。民(min)(min)(min)主是全人(ren)類(lei)的(de)(de)共同(tong)價(jia)值。在(zai)(zai)(zai)歷(li)史長(chang)河中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)人(ren)民(min)(min)(min)探(tan)索形(xing)成了(le)“民(min)(min)(min)惟邦本，本固邦寧”“天(tian)地之(zhi)大(da)，黎元(yuan)為(wei)先”“天(tian)視自我民(min)(min)(min)視，天(tian)聽自我民(min)(min)(min)聽”等民(min)(min)(min)本思想，其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)蘊(yun)含著豐富的(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)主因素(su)，體現了(le)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)人(ren)民(min)(min)(min)對民(min)(min)(min)主的(de)(de)樸素(su)認(ren)知和不(bu)懈追(zhui)求(qiu)。人(ren)民(min)(min)(min)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)協制度植根中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)土壤(rang)，是在(zai)(zai)(zai)五千多年中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)深(shen)厚(hou)基礎上發展起來的(de)(de)，注重從中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)優秀(xiu)傳(chuan)(chuan)統文(wen)(wen)化中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)汲取(qu)智(zhi)慧和養(yang)分，具有(you)深(shen)厚(hou)的(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)底(di)蘊(yun)。人(ren)民(min)(min)(min)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)協制度傳(chuan)(chuan)承發展中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)民(min)(min)(min)族長(chang)期(qi)形(xing)成的(de)(de)天(tian)下為(wei)公、政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)養(yang)民(min)(min)(min)、兼容并蓄、求(qiu)同(tong)存(cun)異等優秀(xiu)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治文(wen)(wen)化，保障中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)共產黨和各民(min)(min)(min)主黨派(pai)、無黨派(pai)人(ren)士以會議協商(shang)(shang)、約(yue)談協商(shang)(shang)、書面協商(shang)(shang)等形(xing)式(shi)，就(jiu)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)和地方(fang)重大(da)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策和重要事務進行協商(shang)(shang)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)協商(shang)(shang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)促進廣(guang)泛團(tuan)結、推(tui)進多黨合作、實踐人(ren)民(min)(min)(min)民(min)(min)(min)主，既有(you)著鮮明(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)特色，也體現全人(ren)類(lei)對民(min)(min)(min)主的(de)(de)共同(tong)追(zhui)求(qiu)，為(wei)豐富人(ren)類(lei)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治文(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)形(xing)態(tai)貢獻(xian)了(le)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)智(zhi)慧、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)方(fang)案。
（作者為(wei)中(zhong)國(guo)人民大學國(guo)際關系學院教(jiao)授(shou)）
